Editing Openai/69324e27-1b9c-8003-9d75-a521206b61b1 (section)

=== Assistant: Below is a concise but exam-useful explanation of the key syntactic construction. ===
Below is a concise but exam-useful explanation of the key syntactic construction.

==== Original sentence: ====

: 

Two constructions where Chinese word order ≠ English word order:

===== - 我們認為安全的 (modifies 包裝食品) =====

This is a left-branching relative clause in Chinese:

: 

English relative clauses are right-branching:

: 

So translation requires a word order shift:
* Pre-modifier in Chinese → post-modifier in English.

===== - 對人體有害的 (modifies 成分) =====

This again is a modifier ending in 的, but contains a prepositional phrase:

: 

Chinese:

: 

English must move the preposition:

: 

==== We need two relative clauses: ====
# that we think are safe (for 包裝食品)
# that are harmful to the human body (for 成分)

Put together:

: 

==== ### ====

Chinese:

: 

English:

: 

Example:

: 

===== Chinese: =====

: 

English:

: 

General pattern:

: 

: 

==== Chinese student translation error: ====

✘ Some safe packaged foods that we think may contain harmful ingredients to the body.

Problems:
* misplaced “that we think”
* wrong attachment of “to the body”

Correct:

✔ Some packaged foods that we think are safe may contain ingredients that are harmful to the human body.

==== ### ====
* X 的 N
* especially with 對 + N
* do NOT translate word-for-word

→ Move the clause to the right and turn it into:
* relative clause (that…)
* or adj phrase (harmful to…)

If you want, I can produce:
* more examples
* fill-in-the-blank drills
* pattern cards for students