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Openai/6946f4fa-e8bc-800b-b77e-c62f6390a97c
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=== 主題:Born–Haber Cycle|晶格能|鍵極性|電子親和力|等電子比較 === ==== ### ==== EN Calculate the lattice energy for LiBr(s) given the following data. 中 根據下列數據,計算 LiBr(s) 的晶格能(lattice energy)。 (數據略,與前面題目一致) ===== : ===== ===== ΔHf=ΔHsub+IE+EA+ΔHf(Br)+Ulattice\Delta H_f = ===== \Delta H_{\text{sub}} + IE + EA + \Delta H_f(\text{Br}) + U_{\text{lattice}}ΔHf=ΔHsub+IE+EA+ΔHf(Br)+Ulattice 代入數值後解得: Ulattice=−809 kJ/molU_{\text{lattice}} = -809 \text{ kJ/mol}Ulattice=−809 kJ/mol ===== ✅ d. −809 kJ/mol ===== ==== ### ==== EN Calculate ΔH for the reaction: 2Li(s)+2HI(g)→H2(g)+2LiI(s)2\text{Li}(s) + 2\text{HI}(g) \rightarrow \text{H}_2(g) + 2\text{LiI}(s)2Li(s)+2HI(g)→H2(g)+2LiI(s) 中 計算下列反應的反應焓變 ΔH。 ===== 使用生成焓: ===== ΔHrxn=∑ΔHf(products)−∑ΔHf(reactants)\Delta H_{\text{rxn}} = \sum \Delta H_f(\text{products}) * \sum \Delta H_f(\text{reactants})ΔHrxn=∑ΔHf(products)−∑ΔHf(reactants) 代入表中數據計算後: ===== ✅ c. −483 kJ ===== ==== ### ==== EN Which of the following bonds is the least polar but still considered polar covalent? 中 下列哪一個鍵是最不極性,但仍屬於極性共價鍵? ===== : ===== ===== - ΔEN 太小 → 非極性 ===== * ΔEN 太大 → 離子鍵 * 中間值 → 極性共價 N–O 的電負度差最小但不為 0。 ===== ✅ e. N–O ===== ==== ### ==== EN Calculate the lattice energy of MCl₂ given the following data. 中 根據下列數據,計算 MCl₂ 的晶格能。 ===== - 二價陽離子 → 晶格能大 ===== * Born–Haber cycle 完整代入 ===== ✅ d. −1788 kJ/mol ===== ==== ### ==== EN Which compound contains the most ionic bond? 中 哪一個化合物具有最高的離子性? ===== : ===== ===== - K(極活潑金屬) ===== * F(電負度最高) ===== ✅ b. KF ===== ==== ### ==== EN What is the lattice energy of RbCl? 中 RbCl 的晶格能為何? ===== - Rb⁺ 比 Na⁺ 大 ===== * 晶格能較小(距離大) ===== ✅ d. −808 kJ/mol ===== ==== ### ==== EN Which of the following lists ions in order of increasing ionic size? 中 哪一個選項正確表示離子半徑由小到大? ===== - 同元素: M3+<M2+<M+\text{M}^{3+} < \text{M}^{2+} < \text{M}^+M3+<M2+<M+ ===== ===== ✅ b ===== ==== ### ==== EN Which ionic compound has the smallest lattice energy? 中 哪一個離子化合物的晶格能最小? ===== - 晶格能 ↓: - 離子半徑大 - 電荷小 ===== CsI:兩者都最大。 ===== ✅ b. CsI ===== ==== ### ==== EN Which correctly describes the first and second electron affinities of oxygen? 中 下列哪一項正確描述氧的第一與第二電子親和力? ===== - 第一 EA:中性 → 陰離子(常放熱) ===== * 第二 EA:陰離子 → 更負(吸熱) ===== ✅ d. favorable, unfavorable ===== ==== ### ==== EN Which ordering correctly ranks the radii of the following isoelectronic species? 中 下列哪一個排序正確表示等電子粒子的半徑大小? ===== : ===== ===== ✅ e =====
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