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Openai/69327c2a-c7a0-800d-ba06-8aabc23238c3
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===== 2-1 政治學/法學:言論自由 vs. 其他權利 ===== 主流政治哲學與憲政理論,一般採用的是「權利衝突與平衡」視角,而不是把任何一個權利絕對化。 * 言論自由很重要,但在所有民主法治國家中,幾乎都不是「無限上綱」: - 誹謗、仇恨言論、煽動暴力、詐欺廣告、投資詐騙、醫療假資訊等,常常會被限制或課以法律責任。 * 這背後的主流論述是: - 言論自由是民主社會的基礎,但「他人權益(生命、財產、尊嚴)」與「整體社會秩序」也同時重要,必須以制度設計去平衡。 A 說「我從不認為個人的法益被侵害比言論自由更為重要」,這在哲學上可是一種「極端自由意志主義+言論絕對自由」的立場。 但在主流憲法學、政治學裡,多被視為「少數派」,而不是共識。 換句話說: * A 在「反對一切形式的言論控管」這個點上,偏離主流,比較像是哲學討論中的極端立場。 * B 雖然沒有正面談「言論控管該做到哪裡」,但「詐欺需要被刑罰約束」這個論述,是高度符合主流法治國家與政治學的共識。
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