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=== 德国 === 德国因高等教育免学费政策和工科强项而备受留学生青睐。德国大学分为研究型大学和应用科学大学,两类院校都接收留学生。本科一般3年(6学期),硕士1-2年,博士通常3-5年。德国参与'''博洛尼亚进程''',学位体系为学士-硕士-博士,与欧洲标准接轨。最大的特点是'''公立大学基本免收学费''':自2014年起,德国16个联邦州的公立大学全面取消本科生学费,对本国和国际学生一视同仁 (How much does it cost to study in Germany as an international student? | Student)(仅每学期收取约200-300欧元的注册管理费)。因此留学生在德国读公立大学的学费负担极低,但需要承担生活费。教育上,德国大学强调学生自主学习和严谨治学,部分专业要求较高的德语水平。不过近年来,德国开设了许多英文授课的硕士项目以吸引国际生。德国政府欢迎国际学生,并允许毕业后18个月找工作居留许可(详见后文“签证政策”)。在工程、制造、自然科学等领域,德国高校和科研实力世界领先,例如亚琛工业大学、慕尼黑工大等常年吸引全球工科学生。整体而言,德国以'''高性价比'''和欧盟就业机会成为重要留学目的地。
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