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Openai/692451a2-4ecc-800b-b601-8d7b09eea462
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====== 1. 网络程序概述 ====== * '''组成部分:''' 网络程序通常由'''服务器'''和'''客户端'''两部分组成 。 * '''通信基础:''' 不同计算机上的程序需要对话 。网络通信使用一种新的数据流——'''套接字(Socket)''',用于读写字节 。 * '''协议(Protocol):''' 客户端与服务器之间展开一段'''结构化对话''',这被称为协议 。 * '''低层协议:''' 如IP (Internet Protocol,网际协议) 。 * '''高层协议:''' 如HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol,超文本传输协议) 或自定义协议(如IKKP) 。
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