Editing Openai/696b7614-10bc-8006-b70d-5688055cda78 (section)

==== Popper’s open society is basically a machine for finding errors without bloodshed: ====
* free criticism
* peaceful transfer of power
* independent courts/media
* scientific norms (conjecture → refutation)

Friston (predictive processing / free-energy principle) gives this a psychological and biological grounding:

===== Humans don’t walk around trying to be correct. We try to keep our world predictable enough to function. =====

That means:
* we prefer stable narratives
* we dislike uncertainty
* we gravitate toward groups that make the world feel legible

So the open society is asking for something hard: live with uncertainty + revise your model publicly.

===== If my identity and safety are tied to a story, then disagreement doesn’t feel like “new data.” =====
It feels like a threat to the model that keeps me oriented.

So intolerance often isn’t just hatred; it’s:
* threat response
* model-protection
* uncertainty intolerance

Popper says: protect the space where correction can happen.
Friston explains: why people flee that space when it becomes too costly.

===== In a predictive brain, salience is everything. So: =====
* outrage spikes attention
* repetition creates familiarity (mistaken as truth)
* identity cues override evidence

This is how “intolerance” scales today: not only through parties and militias, but through attention engineering that systematically breaks Popper’s error-correction loop.

Popper (norms) + Friston (cognition) = tolerance isn’t just a virtue; it’s a delicate cognitive achievement that needs environmental support.