Editing Openai/6874b524-4134-8013-b5e6-0601c853d841 (section)

===== Now a teenager, Israel had become heavily involved with underground socialist literary circles. By 1913, he was writing poetry under the pseudonym Izya G.—a fusion of his given name and a nod to the Russian revolutionary nom de guerre tradition. =====

His early work reflected the dual influence of Jewish messianic yearning and Marxist determinism—long, incantatory verses invoking both Isaiah and Karl Marx. A typical line from his 1912 cycle Chto Yest’ Chelovek? ("What Is Man?") reads:

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His affiliations brought risk. Moishe begged him not to be foolish. Rosa, who secretly copied his poems by hand, simply asked that he use different shoes for revolutionary meetings so the police wouldn’t trace muddy footprints home.