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Openai/693444d9-c740-800a-86c3-4f51b26be63e
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=== 三、四方關係(以人口為切入)與可能發展路徑 === ==== A. 中 — 台 ==== * 人口壓力影響:中國在面對經濟放緩與人口老化時,可能更強調短期的政治收益(如鞏固國內支持)。但直接對台全面入侵的門檻極高(登陸作戰的複雜度、經濟制裁、核風險與美國與盟友的反應)。因此短期更可能採用「灰區手段」:軍事演習、封鎖威嚇、經濟與外交孤立、混合戰。多數智庫認為全面入侵雖不能排除,但並非近期高概率事件;而局部衝突或誤判風險顯著上升。Stimson Center<ref>{{cite web|title=Stimson Center|url=https://www.stimson.org/2025/rethinking-the-threat-why-china-is-unlikely-to-invade-taiwan/|publisher=Stimson Center|access-date=2025-12-06}}</ref> ==== B. 中 — 日 ==== * 人口與安全互動:日本超高齡化促使其更緊密依賴美日安保與自我強化(提高國防開支、購買遠程能力)。在人口壓力下,日本可能採取更積極的區域防禦政策與與台灣及東南亞深化經濟/安全連結。中日間的摩擦會以海上權益、經濟脫鉤與軍事偵巡為主。衛報<ref>{{cite web|title=衛報|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/jun/05/japan-records-lowest-number-of-births-in-more-than-a-century-as-population-fears-grow|publisher=theguardian.com|access-date=2025-12-06}}</ref> ==== C. 中 — 美 ==== * 長期競爭但短期不等於開戰:美國的人口結構相對韌性與全球軍事/科技優勢,結合盟友體系,形成對中國的強大遏制力。人口因素使中國在「時間偏好」上更可能尋求在其認為「有利時機」推動部分戰略目標,但美方也會用軍售、聯合軍演、經濟手段增加入侵成本。總體:增高的摩擦與危機管理挑戰,但全面美中戰爭仍被大多數分析師視為低概率。cbo.gov<ref>{{cite web|title=cbo.gov|url=https://www.cbo.gov/publication/61164|publisher=cbo.gov|access-date=2025-12-06}}</ref> ==== D. 台 — 日 — 美 三角 ==== * 台灣的人口脆弱性使其加速結盟與戰略投資(國防非對稱、全民防衛、科技保護)。日本在面對華威脅時,既有地緣利益也有人口驅動的安全動機(保護航線與經濟利益),因此日美台在安全合作的深度可能增加(軍售、情報共享、聯合訓練),而這種合作也會在短期內降低中國冒然全面武力手段的吸引力,但也可能在局部事件發生時加劇對抗升級的風險。Reuters<ref>{{cite web|title=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/china/trump-unveils-strategy-prevent-china-conflict-over-taiwan-2025-12-05/|publisher=reuters.com|access-date=2025-12-06}}</ref>
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