Editing Openai/69676758-d944-8003-a3d4-835e33b4e372 (section)

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* Responsible for: - Game logic - AI - Physics - Animation evaluation - Command buffer submission
* All of this prepares work for the GPU, but cannot execute pixel shaders.

Rule of thumb from real-world engines (Unity, Unreal, proprietary):
* Mid-tier CPU-bound system: ~40–50% of frame budget spent on CPU
* Mid-tier GPU-bound system: ~50–60% on GPU

Why? Because even a “GPU-heavy” frame needs CPU to feed commands and update game state. You cannot ignore the CPU.

For your system (i7-3770K):
* 4 cores, ~3.5 GHz
* Modern GPU is strong (RX 6600 XT)
* CPU becomes the bottleneck first in open-world logic-heavy scenarios → ~7–8 ms for CPU, remaining ~9–10 ms for GPU

This is what I used in the previous table.

===== - Handles pixel processing, shaders, post-processing, draw calls, etc. =====
* A mid-range GPU like the 6600 XT has ~10–12 ms to render a full 1080p frame without stuttering.
* If your frame budget is 16.67 ms, and CPU takes 7–8 ms, GPU can consume ~9–10 ms, leaving a small margin for OS overhead, swapchain, etc.